ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The identification and understanding of dietary factors and other characteristics that influence gestational weight gain can contribute to the formulation of strategies to promote healthy eating habits before and during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between dietary patterns, sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, and health-related behaviors in pregnant women. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study was conducted on women undergoing prenatal care in the Unified Health System of Colombo, Paraná, Brazil, from February 2018 to September 2019. METHOD: A weekly food frequency questionnaire was administered, and dietary patterns were identified through factor analysis. Median regression models were constructed to identify the associations between dietary pattern scores and variables. RESULTS: Complete data were obtained from 495 pregnant women. Three dietary patterns were identified: 1) “healthy,” with higher factor loadings for the weekly consumption of raw vegetables, cooked vegetables, and fresh fruits; 2) “Western,” including soft drinks or artificial juice, candies, milk, and dairy products, and processed cold meat; and 3) “traditional,” beans and meat. Pregnant women aged 30 years or older (coefficient [Coef.] 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–1.33) with moderate/intense physical activity (Coef. 0.32, 95% CI 0.02–0.62) had higher adherence to the “healthy” pattern. Adolescents and smokers adhered more to the “traditional” pattern (Coef. 0.17, 95% CI 0.01–0.33). CONCLUSION: Age, smoking status, and physical activity were associated with dietary patterns in pregnant women.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of amorphous calcifications and to analyze the imaging variables that could alter the risk of malignancy associated with this finding. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 138 stereotactically guided percutaneous vacuum-assisted biopsies of amorphous calcifications, performed between January 2012 and December 2017. All of the patients included were referred for radiological follow-up for a minimum of one year (if the histopathology showed a benign lesion) or for surgical treatment (if the histopathology showed malignancy or a lesion of uncertain malignant potential). Results: We found that the PPV of amorphous calcifications was 9.42%. However, most of the malignant amorphous calcifications were in cases of invasive carcinoma or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, indicating clinically relevant disease. The relative risk of malignancy associated with amorphous calcifications was 6.15 times higher in patients with a family or personal history of breast or ovarian cancer. Neither being postmenopausal nor having dense breasts was found to be predictive of malignancy in patients with amorphous calcifications. Conclusion: Amorphous calcifications in the breast had a PPV for malignancy of 9.42%, indicating the possibility of placing the finding in subcategory 4a, which requires histopathological analysis. Our finding that the risk of malignancy associated with this subtype of calcifications is up to 6.15 times higher in patients with a family or personal history of breast cancer warrants greater concern regarding the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic correlations after biopsy.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o valor preditivo positivo (VPP) das calcificações amorfas e possíveis variáveis clínicas e de imagem que possam influenciar no risco de malignidade deste achado de imagem. Materiais e Métodos: Foram revisados, retrospectivamente, 138 resultados de biópsias percutâneas estereotáxicas a vácuo de calcificações amorfas, entre janeiro de 2012 e dezembro de 2017. Todas as pacientes incluídas apresentavam seguimento radiológico mínimo de um ano (histopatológico benigno) ou tratamento cirúrgico (histopatológico maligno). Resultados: O VPP das calcificações amorfas foi de 9,42%. As lesões malignas corresponderam predominantemente a carcinomas invasivos, indicando doença clinicamente relevante. O risco relativo de malignidade das calcificações amorfas foi 6,15 vezes maior em pacientes com história familiar ou pessoal de neoplasia de mama ou ovário. Status pós-menopausa e mamas densas não foram preditores de malignidade nessas pacientes. Conclusão: As calcificações amorfas na mama apresentaram VPP de malignidade de 9,42%, sugerindo possibilidade de classificação do achado na subcategoria 4a, com necessidade de investigação histopatológica. Em pacientes com história familiar ou pessoal de câncer de mama, o risco de malignidade deste subtipo de calcificações pode ser até 6,15 vezes maior, justificando maior preocupação na correlação clínica, radiológica e histopatológica após biópsia.

Abstract Objective To present the update of the recommendations of the Brazilian College of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, the Brazilian Society of Mastology and the Brazilian Federation of Associations of Gynecology and Obstetrics for breast cancer screening in Brazil. Methods Scientific evidence published in Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CINAHL and Lilacs databases between January 2012 and July 2022 was searched. Recommendations were based on this evidence by consensus of the expert committee of the three entities. Recommendations Annual mammography screening is recommended for women at usual risk aged 40–74 years. Above 75 years, it should be reserved for those with a life expectancy greater than seven years. Women at higher than usual risk, including those with dense breasts, with a personal history of atypical lobular hyperplasia, classic lobular carcinoma in situ, atypical ductal hyperplasia, treatment for breast cancer or chest irradiation before age 30, or even, carriers of a genetic mutation or with a strong family history, benefit from complementary screening, and should be considered individually. Tomosynthesis is a form of mammography and should be considered in screening whenever accessible and available.

Resumo Objetivo Apresentar a atualização das recomendações do Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem da Sociedade Brasileira de Mastologia e da Federação Brasileira das Associações de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia para o rastreamento do câncer de mama no Brasil. Métodos Foram pesquisadas evidências científicas publicadas nas bases de dados Medline EMBASE Biblioteca Cochrane EBSCO CINAHL e Lilacs entre janeiro de 2012 e julho de 2022. As recomendações foram baseadas nessas evidências por consenso do comitê de especialistas das três entidades. Recomendações A mamografia anual é recomendada para mulheres com risco habitual entre 40 e 74 anos. Acima de 75 anos deve ser reservado para aqueles com expectativa de vida superior a sete anos. Mulheres com risco maior do que o normal incluindo aquelas com mamas densas com história pessoal de hiperplasia lobular atípica carcinoma lobular in situ clássico hiperplasia ductal atípica tratamento para câncer de mama ou irradiação de tórax antes dos 30 anos ou ainda portadoras de doença genética mutação ou com forte histórico familiar beneficiam-se de triagem complementar e devem ser considerados individualmente. A tomossíntese é uma forma de mamografia e deve ser considerada na triagem sempre que acessível e disponível.

Abstract Objective: To present an update of the recommendations of the Brazilian College of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, the Brazilian Society of Mastology, and the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations for breast cancer screening in Brazil. Materials and Methods: Scientific evidence published between January 2012 and July 2022 was gathered from the following databases: Medline (PubMed); Excerpta Medica (Embase); Cochrane Library; Ebsco; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (Cinahl); and Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs). Recommendations were based on that evidence and were arrived at by consensus of a joint committee of experts from the three entities. Recommendations: Annual mammographic screening is recommended for women between 40 and 74 years of age. For women at or above the age of 75, screening should be reserved for those with a life expectancy greater than seven years. Women at higher than average risk are considered by category: those with dense breasts; those with a personal history of atypical lobular hyperplasia, classical lobular carcinoma in situ, or atypical ductal hyperplasia; those previously treated for breast cancer; those having undergone thoracic radiotherapy before age 30; and those with a relevant genetic mutation or a strong family history. The benefits of complementary screening are also addressed according to the subcategories above. The use of tomosynthesis, which is an evolved form of mammography, should be considered in screening, whenever accessible and available.

Resumo Objetivo: Apresentar a atualização das recomendações do Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem, da Sociedade Brasileira de Mastologia e da Federação Brasileira das Associações de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia para o rastreamento do câncer de mama no Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: Foram feitas buscas das evidências científicas publicadas nas bases Medline (PubMed), Excerpta Medica (Embase), Cochrane Library, Ebsco, Cinahl e Lilacs, entre janeiro de 2012 e julho de 2022. As recomendações foram baseadas nessas evidências, mediante consenso da comissão de especialistas das três entidades. Recomendações: O rastreamento mamográfico anual é recomendado para as mulheres de risco habitual entre 40 e 74 anos. Acima de 75 anos deve ser reservado para as que tenham expectativa de vida maior que sete anos. Mulheres com risco maior que o habitual, entre elas as com mamas densas, com história pessoal de hiperplasia lobular atípica, carcinoma lobular in situ clássico, hiperplasia ductal atípica, tratamento de câncer de mama ou de irradiação no tórax antes dos 30 anos, ou ainda portadoras de mutação genética ou com forte história familiar, se beneficiam do rastreamento complementar, sendo consideradas de forma individualizada. A tomossíntese é uma evolução da mamografia e deve ser considerada no rastreamento, sempre que acessível e disponível.

Resumo Este artigo trata do tema da colonialidade e das Clínicas do Trabalho a partir de uma pesquisa realizada junto a professoras da rede pública de educação básica. Aborda-se a questão desde uma perspectiva da Clínica da Atividade, indicando a proposição de um conceito-ferramenta que chamamos de Estilizações Marginais, o qual indica um processo experimentado por pessoas negras em seu ofício em virtude da operação de estratégias da branquitude. Defende-se, neste estudo, a aposta em uma Clínica Antirracista do Trabalho. básica Abordase Aborda se Atividade conceitoferramenta conceito ferramenta Marginais branquitude Defendese, Defendese Defende se, Defende-se estudo

Resumen Este artículo aborda el tema de la Colonialidad y las Clínicas del Trabajo a partir de una investigación realizada con profesores de la red pública de enseñanza básica. La cuestión es abordada desde la perspectiva de la Clínica de la Actividad, indicando la proposición de una herramienta-concepto que denominamos Estilizaciones Marginales, que indica un proceso vivido por las personas negras en su profesión debido a la operación de estrategias de blancura. Defendemos la apuesta por una Clínica del Trabajo Antirracista. básica Actividad herramientaconcepto herramienta concepto Marginales blancura Antirracista

Abstract This article deals with the theme of coloniality and the Work Clinics from a research conducted with teachers of the public basic education system. The issue is approached from the perspective of the Activity Clinic, indicating the proposition of a concept-tool that we call Marginal Stylizations, which indicates a process experienced by black people in their craft due to the operation of whiteness strategies. With this study, we defend the bet on an Antiracist Work Clinic. system Clinic concepttool concept tool Stylizations strategies study

Abstract: New communication technologies have brought significant corporate organisation and communication changes. In this study, we present some of these transformations, particularly focusing on: the need for organisations to (re)establish symbolic connections within an environment with no physical presence and a reduced ability to create, exchange and maintain the organisational culture and identity. Thus, companies increasingly invest in new practices in social media to stand out in an environment loaded with images and noise where everything seems ephemeral and disjointed. Against the background of a fragmented society, we draw an analysis of the strategic communication of the Virtual Museum of Lusophony during its launch on Instagram. The research demonstrates the cultural organisation joined the social media essentially because it understood it was essential to achieve its purposes and, for coherence and consistency with the strategic communication, anchored by: (a) actions to create a visual pattern that consolidates the organisational identity; (b) a clear editorial line to publish images adding value to aspects of the organisation; and (c) practices implemented using the platform's interactive resources, towards an immediate increase in the engagement with the museum's audience and potential audience.

Resumo: O fenómeno das novas tecnologias da comunicação trouxe mudanças significativas nas formas de organização e comunicação nas empresas. Neste estudo, apresentamos algumas destas transformações, sendo que uma delas nos chama a atenção: as organizações precisam de (re)estabelecer conexões simbólicas dentro de um ambiente em que não há presença física e em que se reduz a capacidade de criação, troca e manutenção da cultura e da identidade organizacionais. Nesse sentido, as empresas investem cada vez mais em novas práticas nos média sociais, para sobressair num ambiente carregado de imagens, barulhento, em que tudo parece efémero, desarticulado. Diante do contexto de uma sociedade fragmentada, trazemos o estudo de caso da comunicação estratégica do Museu Virtual da Lusofonia durante o seu lançamento no Instagram. Na pesquisa, observa-se que a entrada da organização cultural neste medium social foi fundamentado essencialmente pela compreensão da organização e dos seus propósitos e, ao mesmo tempo, pela coerência e consistência da comunicação estratégica, ancorados por: (a) ações de criação de um padrão visual que reforça a identidade organizacional; (b) uma linha editorial clara para publicação de imagens que valoriza aspetos da organização; e (c) práticas realizadas a partir de recursos interativos da plataforma, levando a um incremento inicial imediato do relacionamento com os públicos reais e potenciais do museu.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o ângulo de fase como método de triagem para sarcopenia. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com 169 idosas ativas de comunidade. O ângulo de fase foi obtido por bioimpedância elétrica tetrapolar e a sarcopenia foi diagnosticada a partir da massa muscular esquelética, força muscular e performance física utilizando bioimpedância elétrica, dinamometria manual e o teste de velocidade de marcha, respectivamente. A curva Receiver Operating Characteristic foi construída para avaliar o ângulo de fase como preditor de sarcopenia. Resultados A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 12,4%. A mediana do ângulo de fase foi de 5,30°; idosas com sarcopenia apresentaram valores menores do ângulo de fase em relação às não sarcopênicas (p=0,024). O ponto de corte do ângulo de fase para identificar sarcopenia foi ? 5,15°, com área sob a curva de 0,685, sensibilidade de 81,0%, especificidade de 60,8% e acurácia de 63,31%. Observou-se que idosas com ângulo de fase reduzido apresentaram maior chance de terem massa muscular reduzida e sarcopenia. Conclusão O ângulo de fase se mostrou útil para triagem de idosas com sarcopenia.

ABSTRACT Objective We investigated the utility of the phase angle as a screening tool for sarcopenia. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study that included 169 active community-dwelling elderly women. The phase angle was determined using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance, and sarcopenia was diagnosed based on skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance using bioelectrical impedance analysis, a handheld dynamometer, and the gait speed test, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to investigate the role of the phase angle as a predictor of sarcopenia. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 12.4%. The median phase angle was 5.30°; elderly women with sarcopenia had lower phase angles than those without sarcopenia (p=0.006). The phase angle cutoff for the detection of sarcopenia was ?5.15°, with an area under the curve of 0.685, sensitivity 81.0%, specificity 60.8%, and accuracy 63.31%. Elderly women with a low phase angle show a high risk of presenting with reduced muscle mass. Conclusions The phase angle was shown to be a useful screening tool in elderly women with sarcopenia.

Resumo Objetivo Caracterizar mudanças em indicadores antropométricos em idosos e investigar se o excesso de peso associou-se com menor velocidade da marcha (VM), com base em medidas realizadas a um intervalo de nove anos. Métodos Estudo de coorte com idosos (≥65 anos), realizado em 2008-2009 (linha de base) e 2016-2017 (seguimento) em Campinas/SP e Ermelino Matarazzo/SP, Brasil. Foram aferidas medidas de peso corporal, estatura, circunferência da cintura (CC) e do quadril (CQ), usadas para obter os indicadores: índice de massa corporal (IMC), razão cintura-estatura (RCE), razão cintura-quadril (RCQ) e índice de conicidade (Índice C). Os testes T e de Wilcoxon para amostras pareadas foram usados para estimar as diferenças. Resultados Foram analisadas informações de 537 idosos (70,0% mulheres) com idade média de 72,2 anos na linha de base e 80,7 anos no seguimento. Após nove anos, os homens apresentaram reduções significativas do peso corporal, estatura e IMC, e aumento do Índice C. Nas mulheres, observou-se declínio do peso, estatura e IMC, e elevação da CC, CQ, RCE, RCQ e Índice C. Observaram-se variações percentuais de: -3,89% (peso), -0,36% (estatura), -4,18% (IMC) e +2,27% (Índice C) nos homens; -2,95% (peso), -0,65% (estatura), -0,73% (IMC), +3,33% (CC), +1,59% (CQ), +3,45% (RCE), +2,27% (RCQ) e +4,76% (Índice C) nas mulheres. O excesso de peso associou-se com maiores chances de estabilidade e de novos casos de menor VM no seguimento. Conclusão Foram identificadas mudanças no peso, estatura, IMC, nos indicadores de obesidade abdominal, especialmente nas mulheres, e associação entre excesso de peso e menor VM.

Abstract Objective To characterize changes in anthropometric indicators in older adults and investigate whether being overweight was associated with lower gait speed (GS), based on measurements taken at an interval of nine years. Methods Cohort study with older adults (≥65 years), conducted in 2008-2009 (baseline) and 2016-2017 (follow-up) in the city of Campinas/SP and in Ermelino Matarazzo/SP, Brazil. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and hip (HC) measurements were taken and used to determine the following indicators: body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and conicity index (C index). The T and Wilcoxon tests for paired samples were used to estimate the differences. Results Information from 537 older adults (70.0% women) with a mean age of 72.2 years at baseline and 80.7 years at follow-up were analyzed. After nine years, the men showed significant decreases in weight, height and BMI, and an increase in the C index. In women, decreases in weight, height and BMI, and increases in WC, HC, WHtR, WHR and C index were observed. The percentage variations observed were: -3.89% (weight), -0.36% (height), -4.18% (BMI) and +2.27% (C index) among men; -2.95% (weight), -0.65% (height), -0.73% (BMI), +3.33% (WC), +1.59% (HC), +3.45% (WHtR), +2.27% (WHR) and +4.76% (C-Index) among women. Being overweight was associated with greater odds ratio of stability and new cases of lower GS at follow-up. Conclusion Changes were identified in weight, height, BMI, and indicators of abdominal obesity, especially in women, together with an association between being overweight and lower GS.

Abstract The vinegar is a millenary food, appreciated by consumers worldwide. The rice bran is a rice-processing by-product produced in a large scale, mainly employed in feed. This study describes a method for defatted rice bran (DRB) vinegar production by submerged fermentation, with optimized aeration and stirring conditions, evaluating its physico-chemical properties and acceptance. A 22 Full Factorial Design (FFD) was applied to evaluate the aeration (0.25-1.00 VVM) and stirring (100-500 rpm) effect on the stoichiometric yield (SY), total concentration of ethanol and acetic acid yield (TCY), and acetic acid productivity (AAP). SY ranged from 26.26 to 79.97%, TCY ranged from 78.04 to 100.50%, and AAP varied from 0.056 to 0.473 g L-1 h-1. The stirring had a positive effect in the SY and TCY, while both aeration and stirring had a positive effect in the AAP (p ≤ 0.05). The FFD allowed an acetic acid increase of ≅ 750 times under aeration of 1.00 VVM and stirring of 500 rpm, which made it possible to develop an industrially compatible method for vinegar production using DRB as substrate. Furthermore, DRB presents potential for vinegar production, with functional characteristics - including antioxidant activity - and sensorially accepted.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a frequência de suspeição de distúrbios psíquicos menores e os sintomas em trabalhadores de Enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em 2018 com trabalhadores de Enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um instrumento com variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais e de saúde. Para a verificação dos distúrbios psíquicos menores utilizou-se o Self Report Questionnaire-20. Resultados: Participaram 90 trabalhadores. A frequência de distúrbios psíquicos menores na amostra foi de 32,2%. As questões com maiores frequências de respostas afirmativas foram: “Sente-se nervoso(a), tenso(a) ou preocupado(a)” (51,1%), “Tem dores de cabeça frequentes” (41,1%), “Seu trabalho lhe causa sofrimento” (37,8%), “Você sente desconforto estomacal” (36,7%), “Tem dificuldades de ter satisfação em suas tarefas” (27,8%) e “É incapaz de desempenhar um papel útil em sua vida” (22,2%). Conclusão: A predominância de sintomas de diminuição da energia vital e somatização sugerem estresse e risco de transtorno mental.

Abstract Objective: To describe the frequency of suspicion of minor psychic disorders and their symptoms in nursing workers at a psychiatric hospital. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out in 2018 with nursing workers at a psychiatric hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected by using an instrument with sociodemographic, work, and health variables. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used to verify minor psychic disorders. Results: Ninety workers participated in the study. The frequency of minor psychic disorders in the sample was equal to 32.2%. The questions that showed the highest frequencies of affirmative answers were: “Do you feel nervous, tense, or worried?” (51.1%), “Dou you often have headaches?” (41.1%), “Is your daily working suffering?” (37.8%), “Do you have uncomfortable feelings in your stomach?” (36.7%), “Do you find it difficult to enjoy your daily activities?” (27.8%), and “Are you unable to play a useful part in life?” (22.2%). Conclusion: The predominance of symptoms of reduced vital energy and somatization suggest stress and risk of mental disorders.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia de suspección de trastornos psíquicos menores y los síntomas en trabajadores de Enfermería de un hospital psiquiátrico. Método: Estudio transversal, realizado en 2018 con trabajadores de Enfermería de un hospital psiquiátrico en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un instrumento con variables sociodemográficas, laborales y de salud. Para la verificación de los trastornos psíquicos menores se utilizó el Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20. Resultados: Participaron 90 trabajadores. La frecuencia de trastornos psíquicos menores en la muestra fue del 32,2%. Las preguntas con mayores frecuencias de respuestas afirmativas fueron: "Se siente nervioso/a, tenso/a o preocupado/a" (51,1%), "Tiene dolores de cabeza frecuentes" (41,1%), "Le causa sufrimiento su trabajo" (37,8%), "Siente usted incomodidad estomacal" (36,7%), "Tiene dificultades de tener satisfacción en sus tareas" (27,8%) y "Es incapaz de desempeñar un papel útil en su vida" (22,2%). Conclusión: La predominancia de síntomas de disminución de la energía vital y somatización sugieren estrés y riesgo de trastorno mental.

Abstract Objective: To describe the frequency of suspicion of minor psychic disorders and their symptoms in nursing workers at a psychiatric hospital. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out in 2018 with nursing workers at a psychiatric hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected by using an instrument with sociodemographic, work, and health variables. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used to verify minor psychic disorders. Results: Ninety workers participated in the study. The frequency of minor psychic disorders in the sample was equal to 32.2%. The questions that showed the highest frequencies of affirmative answers were: “Do you feel nervous, tense, or worried?” (51.1%), “Dou you often have headaches?” (41.1%), “Is your daily working suffering?” (37.8%), “Do you have uncomfortable feelings in your stomach?” (36.7%), “Do you find it difficult to enjoy your daily activities?” (27.8%), and “Are you unable to play a useful part in life?” (22.2%). Conclusion: The predominance of symptoms of reduced vital energy and somatization suggest stress and risk of mental disorders.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia de suspección de trastornos psíquicos menores y los síntomas en trabajadores de Enfermería de un hospital psiquiátrico. Método: Estudio transversal, realizado en 2018 con trabajadores de Enfermería de un hospital psiquiátrico en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un instrumento con variables sociodemográficas, laborales y de salud. Para la verificación de los trastornos psíquicos menores se utilizó el Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20. Resultados: Participaron 90 trabajadores. La frecuencia de trastornos psíquicos menores en la muestra fue del 32,2%. Las preguntas con mayores frecuencias de respuestas afirmativas fueron: "Se siente nervioso/a, tenso/a o preocupado/a" (51,1%), "Tiene dolores de cabeza frecuentes" (41,1%), "Le causa sufrimiento su trabajo" (37,8%), "Siente usted incomodidad estomacal" (36,7%), "Tiene dificultades de tener satisfacción en sus tareas" (27,8%) y "Es incapaz de desempeñar un papel útil en su vida" (22,2%). Conclusión: La predominancia de síntomas de disminución de la energía vital y somatización sugieren estrés y riesgo de trastorno mental.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a frequência de suspeição de distúrbios psíquicos menores e os sintomas em trabalhadores de Enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em 2018 com trabalhadores de Enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um instrumento com variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais e de saúde. Para a verificação dos distúrbios psíquicos menores utilizou-se o Self Report Questionnaire-20. Resultados: Participaram 90 trabalhadores. A frequência de distúrbios psíquicos menores na amostra foi de 32,2%. As questões com maiores frequências de respostas afirmativas foram: “Sente-se nervoso(a), tenso(a) ou preocupado(a)” (51,1%), “Tem dores de cabeça frequentes” (41,1%), “Seu trabalho lhe causa sofrimento” (37,8%), “Você sente desconforto estomacal” (36,7%), “Tem dificuldades de ter satisfação em suas tarefas” (27,8%) e “É incapaz de desempenhar um papel útil em sua vida” (22,2%). Conclusão: A predominância de sintomas de diminuição da energia vital e somatização sugerem estresse e risco de transtorno mental.

Abstract Midgut transgenic bacteria can be used to express and deliver anti-parasite molecules in malaria vector mosquitoes to reduce transmission. Hence, it is necessary to know the symbiotic bacteria of the microbiota of the midgut to identify those that can be used to interfering in the vector competence of a target mosquito population. The bacterial communities associated with the abdomen of Nyssorhynchus braziliensis (Chagas) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Nyssorhynchus darlingi (Root) (Diptera: Culicidae) were identified using Illumina NGS sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Wild females were collected in rural and periurban communities in the Brazilian Amazon. Proteobacteria was the most abundant group identified in both species. Asaia (Rhodospirillales: Acetobacteraceae) and Serratia (Enterobacterales: Yersiniaceae) were detected in Ny. braziliensis for the first time and its presence was confirmed in Ny. darlingi.

Abstract Background: sarcopenic obesity (SO) decreases functional capacity, favors loss of autonomy, and is associated with increased mortality in the elderly. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity differs according to the chosen diagnostic method and/or the population studied. Objective: to identify sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling elderly women using different diagnostic methods. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study involving 138 elderly women enrolled in an Open University of the Third Age. Sarcopenia was defined according to three criteria a skeletal muscle index (SMI) ≤ 6.42 kg/m2; reduced muscle strength, defined by handgrip strength (HS) < 20 kg/f; and reduced physical performance, determined by a usual gait speed (GS) < 0.8 m/s. Obesity was diagnosed when body mass index (BMI) > 28 kg/m2, waist circumference (WC) > 88 cm2, total body fat percentage (TBF%) determined by bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) ≥ 38%, and value for triceps skinfold (TS) ≥ 85th percentile. Sarcopenic obesity is the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity. Results: the prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia was 14.5% and 3.6%, respectively. The highest prevalence of obesity was found using WC (69.6%) and TBF% (52.9%) (p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was found using TBF% (9.4%) and WC (6.5%) (p < 0.001). Sarcopenic obesity according to BMI was only 0.7%. Conclusion: the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was high and depended on the diagnostic criteria applied. The association of TBF% with the diagnosis of sarcopenia was the method that identified the highest prevalence of sarcopenic obesity.

Resumen Antecedentes: la obesidad sarcopénica (SO) disminuye la capacidad funcional, favorece la pérdida de autonomía y se asocia a mayor mortalidad en los ancianos. La prevalencia de la obesidad sarcopénica difiere según el método de diagnóstico elegido y/o la población estudiada. Objetivo: identificar la obesidad sarcopénica en mujeres ancianas que viven en la comunidad utilizando diferentes métodos de diagnóstico. Métodos: este es un estudio transversal en el que participaron 138 mujeres ancianas inscritas en una Universidad Abierta de la Tercera Edad. La sarcopenia se definió de acuerdo con tres criterios: un índice de músculo esquelético (SMI) ≤ 6.42 kg/m2; fuerza muscular reducida, definida por una fuerza de empuñadura (HS) < 20 kg/f, y rendimiento físico reducido, determinado por una velocidad de marcha habitual (GS) < 0,8 m/s. La obesidad se diagnosticó si: índice de masa corporal (IMC) > 28 kg/m2, perímetro de la cintura (WC) > 88 cm2, porcentaje de grasa corporal total (TBF%) determinado por análisis de impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) ≥ 38%, y valor de pliegue cutáneo del tríceps (TS) ≥ percentil 85. La obesidad sarcopénica es la coexistencia de sarcopenia y obesidad. Resultados: la prevalencia de la sarcopenia y la sarcopenia severa fue del 14,5% y 3,6%, respectivamente. La mayor prevalencia de obesidad se encontró mediante el WC (69,6%) y el porcentaje de TBF (52,9%) (p < 0,001). La prevalencia más alta de obesidad sarcopénica se encontró utilizando el % de TBF (9,4%) y el WC (6,5%) (p < 0,001). La obesidad sarcopénica según el IMC fue solo del 0,7%. Conclusión: la prevalencia de la obesidad sarcopénica fue alta y dependió de los criterios diagnósticos aplicados. La asociación del TBF% con el diagnóstico de sarcopenia fue el método que identificó la prevalencia más alta de obesidad sarcopénica.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Bowel dysfunction is frequent in patients with spinal cord diseases, but little is known about the prevalence of bowel symptoms in human T-lymphotropic virus-(HTLV-1) infected individuals. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of bowel symptoms in HTLV-1 infected individuals and their correlation with the degree of neurologic disease. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study comparing the frequency of bowel symptoms in HTLV-1-infected individuals* and seronegative donors (controls). Patients answered a questionnaire, the Rome III Criteria was applied, and stool consistency was evaluated by the Bristol Stool Form Scale. The individuals were classified as HTLV-1 carriers, probable HTLV-1 myelopathy and definitive HTLV-1 associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (definitive HAM / TSP)**. RESULTS: We studied 72 HTLV-1 infected individuals and 72 controls with equal age and gender distribution. Constipation was the most frequent complaint, occurring in 38 % of HTLV-1 individuals and in 15 % of the controls. In comparison to the seronegative controls, the probability of constipation occurrence was approximately 18 times higher in definitive HAM / TSP patients. Straining, lumpy or hard stools, sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockage, fewer than 3 defecations per week, flatulence, soiling, evacuation pain, and bleeding were also more frequent in the HTLV-1 patients than in the controls. Moreover, bowel symptoms were more frequent in patients with definitive or probable HAM / TSP than in carriers. CONCLUSIONS: Bowel symptoms were more frequent in HTLV-1-infected patients than in seronegative controls and the frequency of bowel symptoms correlated with the severity of neurologic disease.

Resumo O consumo de vegetais in natura no Brasil e no mundo vem apresentando um crescimento significativo. Dentre estes alimentos, a alface crespa (Lactuca sativa L.) é a hortaliça folhosa de maior consumo no país, pois se adequa a diversos tipos de dieta e apresenta baixo valor calórico. Entretanto, a preferência por este tipo de alimentos e seus benefícios pode expor os consumidores ao risco de contrair infecções por diversos patógenos. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da sazonalidade no grau de contaminação parasitária em alfaces crespas comercializadas em quatro feiras livres do município de Belém-PA. Um total de 120 exemplares de alfaces foram adquiridas aleatoriamente nas feiras municipais de Belém, durante a estação seca e chuvosa, as quais foram processadas e analisadas individualmente pelo método de sedimentação espontânea. Observou-se que o nível de contaminação da hortaliça foi similar nos distintos períodos sazonais, sendo de 36,7% durante o período de seca e 38,7% na estação chuvosa. A contaminação parasitária mista, detectada especialmente no período chuvoso, sugere que os índices pluviométricos podem influenciar no aumento do número de espécies de parasitos que potencialmente podem afetar a população. Os resultados demonstraram uma elevada contaminação por agentes parasitários em todas as feiras que comercializavam a hortaliça. As principais estruturas parasitárias detectadas foram ovos de Ascaris sp., Ancylostoma sp., Strongyloides sp., Enterobius vermiculares, Taenia sp., oocisto de Toxoplasma gondii, além de diversas sujidades. O estudo identificou uma taxa moderada de contaminação por helmintos e protozoários de alfaces comercializadas nas feiras livres no município de Belém, evidenciando o contínuo risco de infecção parasitária humana através do consumo de hortaliças cruas, o que justifica a implementação de medidas que propiciem uma melhora na qualidade higiênico-sanitária.

Abstract The consumption of fresh vegetables in Brazil and in the world has been increasing significantly. Of these foods, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the vegetable most consumed in Brazil, since it is suitable for several types of diet and presents a low caloric value. Nevertheless, the preference for this type of food and its benefits may expose consumers to the risk of contracting infections due to various pathogens. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of seasonality on the parasitic contamination of lettuces commercialized in four street markets in the city of Belém-PA, Brazil. One hundred and twenty lettuce specimens were obtained from municipal street markets in Belém during the dry and rainy seasons, and then processed and analysed individually by the spontaneous sedimentation method. The level of contamination of the vegetables was found to be similar in the different seasonal periods, being 36.7% during the dry season and 38.7% in the rainy season. Mixed parasitic contamination, detected especially in the rainy season, suggests that the rainfall indices may influence the increase in the number of parasite species potentially affecting the population. The results showed elevated contamination by parasitic agents in all the street markets that commercialized the vegetable. The main parasitic species detected were Ascaris sp., Ancylostoma sp., Strongyloides sp., Enterobius vermicularis, Taenia sp., Toxoplasma gondii oocyst, and other dirt. The study identified a moderate rate of contamination by helminths and protozoans in the lettuces sold in the street markets of the city of Belém, showing evidence of the continuous risk of parasitic infections to humans from the consumption of raw vegetables, which justifies the implementation of measures that allow for an improvement in the hygienic-sanitary quality.